Has your organization been compromised by spyware?  You may want to read on before answering.  According to a recent study conducted by Websense Inc., a leading provider of anti-spyware software, 92% of all IT administrators involved believed their networks where infected with some type of spyware.  Only 6% of the IT staff believed they were responsible for downloading spyware into the network.  Incidents such as this have contributed to a large problem as so many people do not know enough about spyware to help prevent the infection.  Regardless of how it is being distributed, spyware has become such a concern that even the U.S. Congress has taken note. 

Why it is a Problem?

Spyware programs have been viewed as intrusive as many internet users are not pleased with having their surfing habits documented.  The fact that several web sites deploying these programs are questionable makes things even worse.  What began as a simple adware program has often been discovered to be malicious software that harbors viruses, hacks into and steals personal data, propagates spam, or hijacks a web browser.  This type of program can easily capture a victim's credit card or PIN number when making purchases or banking online.

When this sensitive data is collected by an adware database it becomes a repository well suited for financial fraud and identity theft. 

Good Spyware?        

Not all spyware is used maliciously, as evidenced in the instance with domestic spyware.  This type of program is usually installed by a parent, teacher or company who want to monitor the internet activity of other users.  IT administrators may want to check up on members of their staff while parents may be suspicious of whom their children are chatting with online.  Domestic spyware is viewed as useful in these instances though it still can be abused by malicious individuals. 
Like many tools used by hackers, spyware programs are readily available and can be easily installed without a user's knowledge or consent.  Law enforcement agents have been known to use domestic spyware to monitor suspected illegal activity, while criminals have used it to thieve data from government agencies and large corporations. 

The SPY BLOCK Act

In November of 2005, the Senate Commerce Committee approved the SPY BLOCK Act.   The legislation was actually a substitute amendment to the original bill introduced by Senator Conrad Burns in February of 2004.  As amended, the legislation specifically addresses computer hijacking, loss of control over a computer, adware that doesn't reveal it's complete operation, and the collecting of personal data.  It prohibits the collecting of personal data when the process of collection is not "clearly and conspicuously disclosed" or advertised as part of the program's intent.  If personal information such as bank account or Social Security numbers is to be collected, a consent regime and notice is required.  Additionally, the user must be able to manually uninstall any software that collects personal data. 
The SPY BLOCK Act also strengthens enforcement by giving authority to the FTC and state attorney generals to enforce these provisions.    
This bill has since been moved into full Senate for complete consideration.  Many critics feel that is will be less effective than the CAN SPAM Act of 2003 as exploits by malicious individuals become more advanced

While the techniques have evolved, hacking is not a new practice by far.  Over the years, intruders have developed numerous ways to program computers to spy on other machines.  However, commercial spyware is a relatively new concept that has plagued numerous personal computers and business networks.  In the late 90s, many companies began to monitor the online activity of their employees.  This was done to discourage them from sending inappropriate messages or accessing inappropriate content on a company computer.  Monitoring software remains prevalent in today's business world

Home users were introduced to commercial spyware as high-speed internet connections became more popular.  Firewall applications grew popular around the same time, able to report outgoing and incoming internet traffic.  User then noticed that some of their downloaded programs accessed the internet more frequently than they should have.  Shortly, adware was discovered and actually being used by a few prominent software companies including Broderbund and RealNetworks - both of these companies have ceased this method of advertising due to widespread complaints from the public. 
Adware was created as a way for small freeware and shareware developers to stay in business.  These developers were offered money by marketing companies to include adware codes into their programs.  This gave the software developers a steady means of cash.  It also gave the marketers a way to advertise their products to millions while gaining personal information about those users for future endeavors.  This worked out for everyone, even the user who was able to download the software for little to no money.  The downside was that users also had to turn over a bit of their privacy as well. 

The Truth

The fact that a user can easily be victimized by a spyware program is enough to strike fear in anyone.  The truth is that adware strictly designed to display pop-up advertisements are more prevalent than spyware applications looking to steal your sensitive information.  Many well known companies incorporate adware into their programs, something that has not deterred millions of people from using their software.  While there is a great chance your computer is being monitored on the job, it's rather unlikely that a hacker is running through your computer in search of sensitive data, although it has been known to occur.  

Future Outlook

Though it's no way to predict how much spyware will increase over the next few years, it's rather apparent that this intrusive infection is here to stay.  Adware has become an essential part of basic internet computing, accompanying freeware and even popular email servers.  Businesses will continue to monitor employee behavior while parents are more likely to check out the online activity of their kids.   
Just knowing its capability makes spyware a very frightening concept.  Without proper security implementation, your computer is vulnerable to commercial spyware and wide range of other threats.  You can drastically reduce the chance of being infected by taking caution when downloading freeware and shareware programs, never opening the email attachment from an unknown sender and installing a reliable firewall application.  

A spyware dialer is a malicious program that installs itself onto a computer and attempts to dial telephone lines at other locations, often incurring expensive phone bills for the victim.  A dialer is much different than the spyware typically bundled with free software downloads.  They are however, difficult to detect and furthermore prove that the dialer is responsible the chargers.  It is also difficult to distinguish a legitimate dialer from a spyware dialer, a factor that has made this infection much harder to control.   

How a Dialer Functions

Any computer system with little or improper security implementations is vulnerable to a spyware dialer.  The Microsoft Internet Explorer Browser is often targeted by this program as it's default settings allow for an easy installation.  This type of spyware can also be installed through applications downloaded from the web, through cookies used to connect you to a site, or pop-up advertisements asking you to install or click something.  Dialers have also been known to "piggyback" on spam carrying pornographic content.  In rare cases, merely viewing an email  enables a dialer to be installed. 

Dialers are most commonly distributed when ActiveX security settings are not properly configured in the Internet Explorer web browser.  When the browser loads a page composed by the dialer's creator, a corrupt Active X control is installed which then downloads and runs the spyware program.  Once it has been executed, the dialer is often set to load when the computer starts up.  When the code is loaded into memory, it can wait for the computer to sit idle for a certain amount of time while the user is away.
Similar to most spyware, a dialer is typically installed without the user's knowledge.  When it decides to strike, the program then dials up telephone numbers in foreign countries or to pornographic services, accumulating various charges.   The spyware does this by hijacking a user's internet connection and secretly routing the victim through toll numbers that may cost unknown amounts of money per minute. 

Popular Dialers        

Dialers have been used by pornographic dealers more recently.  This involves covertly downloading and installing a program on the computer of an unsuspecting user, forcing them to automatically dial pay-per view porn sites, charging the victim an outrageous fee each time it occurs. 
A similar exploit uses a well known program called a TIBS dialer, which hijacks a phone modem and redirects it to a pornographic pay-per minute site. 
Another program that has inflicted a considerable amount of damage is the Trojan horse dialer.  This typically comes in the form of a Windows executable file with a filename extension such as EXE., COM., BAT., SCR., PIF., or .BAT.  The Trojan disguises itself as a useful program but actually has intentions of infecting your system.  Once activated, it installs a dialer that manipulates your internet connections, install other types of malware or sends personal data to another location. 
The best defense against any type of dialer is a reliable firewall program.  When configured properly, this application will keep hackers out of your system and spyware dialers away from your phone lines. 

Adware refers to applications that are often bundled with other programs and designed to display web-based advertisements.  They are typically distributed at a much lower cost or for no cost at all as the primary source of revenue comes from displaying the ads instead of actually selling the program.  Although most forms of adware function with the sole purpose of flooding your computer monitor with advertisements, a few of them serve as rather useful tools.  One such example is the Opera Web Browser, a popular application that displayed a tiny pop-up advertisement until the product was registered.  While Opera has since become a freeware application, many ad-sponsored programs remain quite common. 

In many instances, adware remains in the category of unwanted and potentially harmful software.  It is often bundled with keyloggers and other spyware features opposed to a useful web browser like Opera. 

What is AdBreak?

AdBreak is an ad-supported program, more specificially, a BHO (browser helper object) that is typically installed without a victim's knowledge or consent.  Like most spyware, it is often bundled with shareware or freeware applications and automatically installed with the legitimate program.  AdBreak uses web browser exploits to initialize forced and hidden installations.  It has the ability to modify a user's browser settings, hijack web pages and redirect them to irrelevant or compromised internet locations, display unsolicited pop advertisements, create new button links and toolbars and consume a great amount of bandwidth which slows down system performance. 
This type of spyware has the ability to establish outside internet connections, which is usually done to download updates to a system or report captured data to remote affiliates.  AdBreak often displays offensive advertisements without the presence of an active web browser and tracks a user's web surfing and shopping habits, data generally gathered to make way for targeted advertising.  
Any type of adware that does not attain an explicit agreement from the user, does not disclose the data it will collect or whom it will be sent to, displays advertisements in a disruptive manner, or secretly install other programs is rightfully termed as spyware and constitutes as an invasion of a user's policy.  While mild types of adware generally will not compromise the security of a computer, more aggressive forms such as AdBreak are known for performing illegal operations.  This program has been reported to silently download other programs such as Trojan horses and keystroke loggers.  The AdBreak program has been a major problem for many users and proven to be rather dangerous. 

Removing AdBreak

Sometimes, ridding your system of spyware is as simple as going to the "Add/Remove Programs" area of your computer and manually removing it.  Unfortunately, AdBreak is often completely embedded into a system, making the process of removal nearly impossible.  The good thing is that plenty of anti-spyware and anti-malware solutions are available and ready to take care of the problem for you.  These programs will run a thorough scan of your system in search of spyware, complete destroy them and help to keep them out.

Some types of spyware are practically harmless and are used for legitimate purposes.  Some bog your computer down with advertisements, terribly effecting it's performance.  Others are used with malicious intent, secretly collecting your personal data and reporting it back to third-party sources.  CrackedEarth is one example of spyware that has the ability to do all of the above and much more. 

What is CrackedEarth?

CrackedEarth is a BHO (browser helper object) program that is downloaded without a victim's knowledge.  It is typically installed along with shareware applications or Trojan horses masquerading as useful programs.  This type of spyware is also distributed via Active X drive-by downloads in which it is contracted by visiting compromised web sites.  CrackedEarth functions by hijacking the Microsoft Internet Explorer web browser and often modifies a users homepage and search page.  It may also install additional toolbar features such as bookmarks  and links in the Favorites list.  The CrackedEarth program is executed every time a user launches the Internet Explorer web browser. 

CrackedEarth is not to be confused with a virus or Trojan though it does have characteristics similar to a Trojan horse.  It may work as an adware dropper by delivering adware components and other malicious programs into a user's system.  When executed, a setup window is displayed which indicates that a folder has been created and files have been dropped.  The CrackedEarth installer drops a DLL. file which is injected into the Internet Explorer application.  The DLL. files is responsible for redirecting a user to specific sites when certain keywords are typed into the address bar.   
It is recognized that such a program may have a genuine purpose in the context where an authorized user has knowingly installed the application.  If you have agreed to the licensing terms of this software or that of another bundled program, there may be legal obligations attached to removing CrackedEarth or using the original application without conjunction of this application. 

Removing CrackedEarth

A common way to remove this type of spyware is to uninstall CrackedEarth using the "Add/Remove Program" utility of your operating system.  Unfortunately, this method often leaves behind scattered spyware files that enable CrackedEarth to completely reappear following a system reboot.
Here are a few tips for detecting and removing this stubborn piece of spyware:      
Step 1: From your desktop screen, go to "Start">"Search">"All Files and Folders"
Step 2: In the box that reads "All or part of the file name" enter "CrackedEarth"
Step 3: If CrackedEarth files are discovered during the search, hover your cursor over the folder, highlight and right-click it. 
Step 4: When the dialog box displays, navigate down and click "Delete".  This should move the CrackedEarth folder and all of it's files to the Recycle Bin. 
Step 5: Access the Recycle Bin from your Desktop screen and "Empty" the program files from your system.
In order to avoid the risk of damaging your computer or not completely disposing of the program, security experts recommend using a reliable anti-spyware application to automatically detect and remove CrackedEarth along with other types of spyware that pose a threat to your system.

Spyware is one of the most controversial programs circulating today.  Hence the name, this software has the ability to spy on your computer activities and report that information back to another source.  Spyware has received a bad reputation as many individuals have used these programs with malicious intent, installing them without user knowledge or consent and stealing personal information.  However, spyware is used legitimately at well.  This occurs when administrators monitor the internet activity of staff members or when parents monitor their children's behavior to learn who they are chatting with online.  Adware, a variation of spyware, is also prevalent in today's programming as several developers running advertising campaigns and affiliate programs use it to freely distribute their software. 

What is Hotbar?  

Hotbar is a program that has been showing up on the computer's of thousands of users.  According to the developer's website, this software enhances a user's internet experience by personalizing email applications and sites they visit.  Hotbar is used by many people to add colorful themes and smiley faces to their Internet Explorer toolbar and email messages.  While this software is rather useful, there are three important factors you need to be aware of:
1.  Hotbar is classified as adware/spyware software.  It monitors all of the web sites you visit on the internet.  This is done to collect data regarding your interest and habits, which leads to pop-up ads along with new buttons and advertisements in your toolbar.  2.  The Hotbar program is automatically updated from the site's database without your approval.  The updates may consist of new features able to bypass the security and privacy of settings your applications and how it gathers data about you. 
3.  Contrary to the way this software is often presented, Hotbar is not an official Microsoft upgrade for Internet Explorer or their Outlook email application. 

Detecting Hotbar

There are various ways to know if the Hotbar program is installed on your computer.  You can began by taking note of the following steps:

Removing Hotbar

You can remove the Hotbar program by following these instructions:
1.  From your desktop screen, click "Start", "Settings" and then select "Control Panel"
2.  Select "Add/Remove Programs" 
3.  Select "Web Tools by Hotbar" and click the "Add/Remove" tab at the lower right of the window
4.  Check the box for "Browser" and "Email toolbars"
5. Click the "Uninstall" button
Sometimes, the Hotbar program will not uninstall entirely and returns after a system reboot.  When this occurs, anti-spyware software may be your only option for completely removing it.

 

One company that has been at the center of the spyware controversy for years is Claria Corporation, well known for serving targeted advertisements to more than 40 million computer users.  Critics have stated that this vendor does not fully disclose to users that data is being collected and how it is to be used.  Many of these issues were found in the Kazaa file sharing program, an application that includes the Claria software.  In this article, we will overview the Claria program and touch on a few of the characteristics that constitute spyware. 

Installation

Upon installing the program, the installation wizard states that Claria will display advertisements based on the sites a user visits on the internet.  The wizard does not state that it will monitor every site a user visits and report that data back to the vendor's database as long as the software is functioning.  However, this information is clarified in a detailed EULA (End-User License Agreement), which is read by very few users.  The EULA gives Claria the right to track and report back information regarding all of the programs on your computer, along with the first four digits of your credit card number, allowing them to know what institution you bank at.  The installation wizard does not disclose the fact that the monitoring function of the application may also run when the useful part of the program is shutdown or disabled. 

Another huge concern of the public was the fact that the users were forbidden to remove Claria software with anti-virus or anti-spyware software.  According to the EULA, the only way a user was permitted to remove the program was by using the "Add/Remove Programs" utility in the Microsoft Windows operating system. 
Additionally, the EULA does not fully disclose as to what data the Claria Corporation actually collects.  Many users were outraged that the program captured sensitive data that could be potentially used to commit internet crimes.  Scott Eagle, the company's Chief Marketing Officer, claims that the only information Claria collects now is behavior of "commercial intent" - referring to product research and shopping online.  Eagle went on to claim that the data is filed by an anonymous computer identification number and does not collect email addresses, usernames, zipcodes or complete credit card numbers.  

Removal of Claria

Like many types of spyware and adware, the Claria software doesn't completely uninstall after using the "Add/Remove programs" utility.  It leaves behind various files and programs such as GAIN, that lead back to the company's network, along with several fragments that can only be cleaned up by a registry cleaning application.  Scott Eagle states that GAIN is a separate add-delivery program that only collects non-personal user data and automatically uninstalls itself after all traces of Claria are completely removed.    

Claria Today

Once coined as the king of spyware, Claria exited the adware business in 2006, putting an end to it's pop-up ad campaign.  PersonalWeb and Axon, Claria's new products, offer personalized web pages to users while providing them with advertisements and relative content based on searching habits and web browsing behavior.   While the company stresses a huge difference in how these programs collect data, they sound rather similar to the spyware that stirred up major concerns.  In order to reduce the chance of having your personal data collected, the best advice is to stay away from products by the Claria Corporation

SaveNow is described as an add-on program, often bundled and distributed with downloadable programs by DivS player, Bearshare, Imesh and other vendors.  The program was developed by WhenU who states that SaveNow is merely useful adware.  However, it tracks every website you visit on the internet and generates pop-up advertisements based on your web surfing patterns.  It also automatically downloads updates from a database without consent while collecting a variety of additional information.  Because of this, many critics have termed SaveNow as a spyware application.

Spyware vs. Adware

There has been much debate amongst security experts and software vendors about what is useful adware and what constitutes as intrusive spyware.  According to security experts, the following factors should be used for clarification: 

- adware clearly displays it's presence and purpose during installation, whereas spyware does not 

- spyware generally gives no benefits to the user

- spyware tracks a user's online surfing habits

and other behavior then reports it to a remote location

- adware programs are simple to remove manually, whereas spyware typically requires anti-spyware software

SaveNow: Considered Spyware

The fact that SaveNow often comes included with three well known spyware applications makes this software very questionable.  Distinguishing spyware from legitimate adware has been an ongoing dispute that can be looked at from many different views.  Despite the claims by WhenU, several critics continue to classify this program as spyware because of the following characteristics:
Inaccurate Disclosure - adware must clearly display it's presence and purpose upon downloading and installing of the program.  Many individuals attempt to install SaveNow with drive-by download methods using Active X controls.  The presence of this software also may not be clearly stated when a user has certain security settings. 
Automatic Downloads - a few of the SaveNow variants automatically download updates to a user's computer.  This is often combined with the process of collecting more data without the user's knowledge.  Legitimate software companies rarely function in this manner and often give a user the option to consent before making updates. 
Difficult to Remove - Many variants of the SaveNow program have no "Add/Remove Program" entry in the control panel of Windows.  This makes the software very difficult to uninstall as the BHO (browser helper object) it uses must be completely removed, a task that often requires the aid of anti-spyware software.     
WhenU has since made changes in the way it distributes software and to our knowledge, the company no longer user third-party vendors or bundles to distribute their programs.  Distribution of their software appears to be in-house and any bundles only contain other products by WhenU.
The company also claims that their software does not track user data, employ adware tracking cookies, or create a centralized database of user data for any purpose other than user profiling. 
While the WhenU company has cleaned up their act somewhat, many of the characteristics found in their software indicate that SaveNow is much more than friendly adware.  Several companies operate in this manner to persuade users into the belief that these type of programs are not spyware.  If you are not comfortable with having your personal data collected and receiving updates you didn't approve, we strongly suggest staying away from programs such as SaveNow

Spyware has become a huge threat in the world of computing and a significant threat to anyone surfing the web.  One of the most commonly deployed spyware programs is an application by the name of Xupiter.  Similar to BHOs (browser helper objects) such as Gator, Xupiter is typically installed without a user's knowledge when their internet security settings are not configured properly.  It may be installed when visiting a site compromised by malware or by clicking on an advertising link, a process known as a drive-by download.

Xupiter is a browser plug-in and is often downloaded on a computer by way of an Active X control.  Active X is a set of technologies, or simply an applet, developed by Microsoft.  While it is intended to enhance a user's web surfing experience, Active X is often exploited to download spyware, Trojan horses and other types of malware. 
Once installed on the victim's computer, Xupiter launches pop-up advertisements as the user attempts to surf the net.  It may also hijack the homepage of a web browser, adding links in the bookmark section and additional toolbars to Internet Explorer.  Xupiter poses a great threat to a user's privacy as it tracks surfing patterns and reports that data to a centralized ad server.  The software comes with no removal function and can not be uninstalled through the Windows "Add/Remove" utility.  Because it's design differs from that of a virus, Xupiter usually cannot be detected or removed by most anti-virus software. 

How to Detect Xupiter

Although Xupiter is quite difficult to remove manually, detecting this infection is fairly easy.  This can be done by checking the list of "Startup" items in the configuration utility of your Windows operating system.  To search for this program, follow these directions:
Another way to detect Xupiter is to implement a reliable firewall application similar to those found in ZoneAlarm products.  While most firewalls cannot prevent this type of spyware from being installed on your system, they can detect the program as soon as it has been installed.  This is because many firewall components monitor both inbound and outbound communication between a computer and the internet.  When a new application attempts to access the internet for the first time, the firewall displays an alert asking if your want to grant the program access.  Such an alert will be displayed when the Xupiter attempts to access the internet.  For many users, this is the first indication that they have been infected with spyware.  If the system isn't completely consumed by malware, an anti-spyware application can then be installed to remove the infection. 
Although firewalls are a very essential part of today's computer security, not all of them are as effective as others.  For instance, Microsoft's Internet Connection Firewall that comes included with the Windows XP operating system cannot detect Xupiter and other forms of spyware because it doesn't have the ability to monitor outbound communication.

Several internet users are familiar with terms such as cookies, interactive content, file sharing, freeware and shareware.  What many more of them do not realize is that some of these files, web pages and programs often contain components and malicious codes that enable your personal information to be secretly collected and sent elsewhere.  Online marketing companies want to track your surfing habits to proposition you with advertisements regarding their products and services - internet criminals want to steal your passwords and credit card information - hackers want to create "backdoors" on your system to compromise and attack other machines.  In one form or another, these exploits are sure to come your way

Spyware is a deceptive program that can expose your computer to all the instances mentioned above.  In general, it refers to any software or technology that aids in process of collecting information about an individual or organization without their knowledge or consent.  It may be installed onto your computer because of vulnerabilities created by a virus or in conjunction with another program.  While some types of spyware are harmless, many of them are complex and quite dangerous, the case with a program known as CashBar.

What is CashBar?    

CashBar is spyware that masquerades as an adware program which primarily functions by displaying advertisements on your computer.  However, because of it's design as a BHO (browser helper object), CashBar often hijacks a user's web browser and takes control of the default search engine.  Your search results are typically modified, prompting results that originate from advertisements paid to the CashBar creator.  When installed, this type of program prevents you from changing the search engine and tends to slow down the performance of your computer. 
CashBar has been categorized as a high risk threat, meaning it can easily infect your system.  This program is far more than friendly adware and should be considered dangerous malware.  Aside from hacking web browsers, CashBar has keylogging ability which enables it to log keystrokes and record snapshots of your screen.  Unlike many types of adware that actually present themselves, CashBar uses a stealth installation, making it very difficult to detect and remove.  This spyware has also been known to act as Trojan horse by secretly installing other forms of malware. 

Removing CashBar

Regardless of the impact, the original intent of spyware is not to harm your computer.  In many instances, it is actually installed with your consent upon downloading other software.  Spyware is often bundled with well known programs who disclose it's presence in the EULA (End-User License Agreement) you are required to oblige.  Much of this software is easily removed without the use of special software.   
Unfortunately, the CashBar program is so complex that it renders even some of the best anti-virus software completely useless.  The fact is this - spyware is not a virus, therefor several virus scanners are not designed to detect them.  The best way to get rid your computer of malicious software such as the CashBar program is to scan the system with a tool specifically designed to fight spyware.

Malicious programs, more commonly termed as malware, are infecting personal computer users and businesses at an alarming rate.  One of the most infectious types is a tricky program by the name of spyware.  According to a recent study, nearly 80% of home and office computer systems have some type of spyware installed.  It also showed that many of the same computers were also infected with other types of malware.   

Understanding the dangers of spyware:

Spyware is often used by companies in order to gather data that enables them to effectively target their advertising efforts based on the sites you visit.  It is also used by parents looking to monitor their children's internet activity.  Some companies install this type of software without your knowledge or consent to display pop-up advertisements.  These programs may also implement toolbars, website displays and other unwanted content.  In many cases, they will track your online information and report the data back to another source

Due to the prevalence of these intrusive programs, conducting a spyware scan on your system is imperative.  Similar to a virus scanner, a spyware scanner combs your system for adware programs and helps to remove various types of malware.  When threats are detected, the program will display a scan report indicating which spyware applications were found.  From there you can take the recommended action which is removing the items from your computer. 

Signs of a spyware attack 

To learn if your computer is truly in need of a spyware scan, you must first know how recognize the signs:
- your computer boots up much slower
- your computer performs slowly when opening programs or saving files
- you are bombarded with unwanted pop-up windows
- you notice constant changes in the homepage of your web browser
- you receive random error messages
By conducting a spyware scan, you can keep your computer free of malware without having to install additional software.  Many of these helpful utilities are freely available on the internet and come included with quality customer support.  These scanners are designed with state of the art technology and are a great alternative to expensive security solutions.  Simply run the scan and carry on with your activities as there is often no need to restart the computer.    

Choosing a spyware scan 

A spyware scan has the ability to not only detect spyware, but provide you with three different methods of detection: a quick scan, a full system scan or a customized scan.  Your search can be configured to ignore specific spyware components, enabling the white-listing of any adware programs you may have approved.  Many of these features are user-friendly regardless of the user's experience.  A novice user can remain actively protected by several default features, while more advanced individuals can easily make security adjustments based on preference. 
Even if you have a good anti-virus program on your computer, it may not be enough to detect spyware.  Many of these scanners are specifically designed to detect viruses and may omit several forms of dangerous malware.  For this reason, a spyware scanner is the most reliable way of knowing if you have been infected by this type of software

In this is age of technology, fraud and other cyber crimes are steadily on the rise. For this reason, anti-spam, virus and malware solutions have become a must for any user making a connection to the internet.  One of the biggest threats on the web is spyware, a factor that has made spyware scanners equally important. 

More on Spyware:

Spyware is a program that is distributed through the internet and typically downloaded without a user's knowledge.  Once installed, it collects URLs of the sites a user visits and obtains data of those pages along with other information indicating the user's online interest.  This data is often used to launch mass spam mailings and targeted advertisements.  Spyware latches onto a user's internet connection to collect and send data, consuming various resources and often faltering computer performance.  The most intrusive part of all is that this activity usually occurs without your consent. 

More dangerous types of spyware function by collecting the email contacts from your computer and may also make alterations to your web browser.  Keystroke loggers, another form of spyware, are designed to thieve usernames, passwords, bank account numbers and credit card details.  This information can then be used to carry out fraudulent crimes capable of inflicting severe damage such as identity theft.  Once a computer is infected, an advanced spyware application has the ability to conduct this activity even over secured connections. 

Spyware Scanners

Spyware scanners are the feature components of various anti-spyware programs.  Many of them are now available online as a helpful utility as opposed to a complete software application.  While they have proven to be useful tools, online spyware scans have received a fair share of criticism.  Some argue that these components wrongfully identify certain programs as spyware and may omit others, a factor that can be contributed to evolution of malicious coders.                                      
There has also been concerns regarding the legitimacy of online spyware scanners.  Several individuals have taken advantage of the public's fear and ambition to keep their system free of infection.  Many individuals have been victimized by using what they believed to be an online spyware scanner, but instead was a malicious component that downloaded infections to their computer.   
Another concern about online spyware scans is their limited capability.  For instance, a particular utility may scan your system and detect infections but require a fee to fully remove them.  This is typically the case with a company offering a free spyware scan.
Regardless of the criticism, online spyware scanners have proven to be rather effective at both detecting and removing spyware.  Before using one of these utilities online or downloading it on your computer, it is recommended that you carefully research the website hosting the service.  Take note of any negative reviews or signs indicating the program is associated with malicious software that will install other harmful items on your computer. 
To ensure the best protection against spyware, you may want to look into an all-in-one security suite that eliminates all types of malware or a reliable program that is specifically designed to remove spyware

Spyware is a sneaky program that is developed and used for different purposes.  It is typically distributed via freeware and shareware programs which are freely available for download on the internet.  The most common purpose of spyware is to track a user's internet activity, a characteristic found in adware programs.  In this scenario, it collects information about the web sites you visit such as the pages viewed and how long you browsed a particular site.  The data is then stored by the spyware application and sent to the creator.  While this data is often used merely for targeted advertising campaigns, many users view this as an invasion of privacy since the programs are usually downloaded without their knowledge or consent .  In most instances, spyware has some type of negative impact whether it's bombarding your screen with unwanted pop-up ads or slowing down the performance of your computer. 

Apart from being a major distraction in the way of targeted advertising and spam campaigns, spyware may also be used maliciously to commit more serious internet crimes.   These programs are often developed by members of the hacking community, individuals who are knowledgeable enough to make them capture your email passwords, credit card numbers and bank account details.  This is typically done by a type of spyware that logs keystrokes as a user inputs this information into a secured online form.  The personal data can then be used by an intruder to  conduct internet scams or major  criminal offenses such as identity theft.  For this reason, it is very imperative to secure your computer with some type of anti-spyware solution. 

Free Scanners  

Although spyware is a huge threat to millions of users, detecting this infection is fairly easy.  It can all be done by conducting a free spyware scan.  Many of these components function directly online while others can be downloaded on your computer.  Since the scanner doesn't have to waste time seeking out viruses and worms, the scan generally only runs long enough to detect adware and other forms of spyware on your system.  If threats are detected, you can take action by investing in a program capable of safely removing them.   
When choosing to go with a free spyware scan, it is important to thoroughly research the website offering the service.  Spyware is a rather vicious circle, often bundled with legitimate programs or distributed purposely by deceptive companies looking to infect your system with malware.  

Reliable Scanners

While you should certainly take caution when using any free software from the web, there are a few quality scanners that not only detect spyware, but remove it for free.  One of the best programs available is a Microsoft product called Windows Defender.  Although Microsoft has been accused of contributing to the growing spyware problem with their vulnerable web-based applications, Windows Defender is rather solid and has become one of the most trusted free anti-spyware solutions on the net. 
Another great free program is SpyBot's Search and Destroy.  This software has a huge following and is very efficient at detecting and completely removing spyware.  Although these programs are dependable, they do not function as well commercial products that require a fee.  At the same time, both Windows Defender and SpyBot are a great place to start when it comes to finding and fighting off intrusive spyware. 

Whether you know it or not, there are numerous invisible threats roaming the internet, all of which will attempt to make their way into your computer.  One infection that has been recently impacting more users is a program known as parasiteware, a member of the spyware family.

Parasiteware usually isn't consider malicious, though several programmers will use it to gather attention and make money at your expense. 

How Parasiteware Functions

While some people configure their web browsers to reflect themes of their liking, others choose to reside with a default homepage.  Several users often configure the homepage as a search engine such as Google or Yahoo to quickly research information or check their email messages.  For users of Internet Explorer, this is page is hosted by the Microsoft website by default. Unknown to many internet users, browser hijackers are on the prowl, desperately seeking vulnerabilities that give them the ability to modify your homepage.  The tactics employed  typically result to noticeable changes such as additional toolbars in the browser or a completely different homepage altogether.  At first, a victim may believe that the changes were made by another authorized computer user or that the page has been bookmarked by mistake.  In this scenario, they may attempt to restore the original page.  After restoring the settings, they reload the browser to find the same strange page, indicating a serious problem and the presence of parasiteware. 

The main intent of a parasiteware developer is not to infect your PC with viruses or commit fraudulent crimes in your name, but to generate revenue from ambitious internet advertisers who pay them for their deceptive work.  When parasiteware hijacks your browser, it typically replaces a fair amount of content with ads and web sites representing legitimate companies using your page as their outlet.  In many cases, this content is tailored towards your preferences, targeted advertising made possible by the information the parasiteware program secretly obtained from you. 

Parasiteware takes advantages of the features found in your web browser.  Once installed, it seeks personal data stored in cookies, the browser cache and temporary internet files.  Although a few users are of aware that these storage units should be frequently deleted, many more are not, making them prime targets for an array of exploits.   
While not officially labeled as dangerous, parasiteware is not a program you want functioning on your computer.  The approach it uses is intrusive as information may be downloaded to your system or thieved without your knowledge. 

Removing Parasites

When conducting an anti-spyware scan, do not be surprised if the report detects parasite ware.  These programs are becoming more common and can move in such subtle fashion that they are barely visible.  Any type of hijacking whether it's seizing control of a system, web browser or a single page is very unsettling.  If you even suspect this type of intrusion, we recommend investing in a solution to contain the problem.  Buy running a free online spy ware scan, you can detect parasite-ware and other sneaky programs trying to make changes on your computer.

Attempting or gaining access to someone's computer without their consent or knowledge is criminally illegal according to computer crime laws, such as the United States Computer Fraud and Abuse Act and the United Kingdom's Computer Misuse Act

Does this mean that spyware is illegal? Not necessarily. Though law enforcement has often pursued the creators of malware like viruses, spyware developers have been largely un-prosecuted under criminal law, though they occasionally do face lawsuits. Many spyware companies even operate as legitimate businesses.
Spyware creators remain largely untouched because of the way spyware generally finds itself on your computer. Though many people claim that they never authorized spyware access to their computer, spyware developers claim otherwise. Spyware that comes with the software that people download is normally mentioned in the license agreement that users must click consent to before installation. Most users ignore this agreement and just click "Yes" or "Agree" to proceed with the installation, and users who do read the agreement may not understand its implications. However, spyware producers argue that this is a legally binding contract, and when someone clicks consent to the license agreement they are consenting to the spyware. Hence, the spyware does not exist on people's computers without their consent, whether they read the license agreement or not, and it is therefore not violating any laws. Spyware may be annoying, but given that you clicked in agreement to a license in which it was mentioned, spyware producers argue that its existence on your computer is your own fault, and it is not against the law. Despite this, some forms of spyware are against the law - for instance, spyware that is not mentioned in any sort of consent form upon installation. The U.S. states of Washington and Iowa have also passed laws criminalizing certain forms of spyware. These laws make it illegal for anyone other than the owner or operator of a computer to install software that monitors web browser settings, monitors keystrokes, or disables security software. Several bills have been voted on in the United States Congress including the Spy Block Act (Software Principles Yielding Better Levels of Consumer Knowledge) and the SPY Act (Securely Protect Yourself Against Cyber Trespass), both passed in 2004, and the I-SPY Act (Internet Spyware Prevention) passed in 2005 and reintroduced in 2007. These bills impose penalties and punishments the producers of spyware. They make it illegal to hijack control of a user's computer, expose users to pop-up ads that can't be closed, modify a user's personal settings, or download personal information without the user's consent.
So the moral of the story? Spyware is not illegal if you click consent to it in an end user license agreement during installation. So make sure you prevent spyware from contaminating your computer by reading all consent forms before you click. You may also want to learn how to remove spyware when it does show up on your computer.

Computers are extremely useful and can be used for a variety of different tasks. There are, however, a number of problems that can affect them and these include spyware infections. Spyware can be installed on your computer very easily, especially if your computer is used on the Internet.  Find out what you can do to protect your computer.

What Is Spyware?

Spyware is quite simply a type of malware which is designed to spy on your every move. No matter what you do the software will be able to keep track of your every move. If you visit websites, or type any documents then the hackers will have access to all of this information.
Your computer holds lots of very valuable information. If your computer is infected with spyware then all of this information is potentially at risk.  But how does spyware work?

How Spyware Affects Computers

Spyware Affects computers in many different ways.  These include:
- Tracking your movements on the internet
- Recording keystrokes
- Obtaining your credit card numbers
- Recording passwords
- Access all of your documents
- Obtaining your SSN number

Spyware Cleaner

The best way of dealing with spyware infections is to use antispyware scanners. These are pieces of software which search your computer's hard drive and identify any problems with your computer. If there are any spyware infections then this software will help you to eliminate them quickly and easily.
When you are choosing antispyware software it is very important that you bear a few things in mind.
*It's important to choose software which provides you with everything you need to protect your computer.
*Antispyware solutions must remove any traces of the software on your computer. It should help to repair these errors so that the data on your PC is fully secure and protected.
*Spyware scanning software should easily search through your computer's hard drive and identify these errors. If any spyware problems are discovered then the software will automatically help you to clean all the traces from your computer.
*Make sure you don't fall for the fake spyware software which is available on the internet. This is likely to make your problems much worse. You must download spyware scanners from reliable sources to stay safe and secure.

 

 

Given the annoyances and dangers to your computer's security that spyware causes, you probably want to find a spyware remover as quickly as you can. But don't be too hasty; because when you're looking to download an anti-spyware application (for free or otherwise), it cannot be stressed enough that you need to do your research first.

Malicious programmers have produced large numbers of fake anti-spyware programs; they've even advertised them on the internet using banners that warn the viewer that his computer is infected by spyware and he must download their product to remove it. This fake anti-spyware software does not actually remove any spyware. Instead, buyers pay for nothing and the creator makes easy money. The fake may even be spyware itself, especially if the fake is a free download. So use caution before you download anything, and do your research using a number of different sources to make sure you aren't about to download any rogue software.
Here is a list of known offenders so far:

AntiVirus Gold	AVsystemcare	ContraVirus
DriveCleaner	ErrorSafe	PAL Spyware Remover
Pest Trap	PSGuard	Spy Sheriff
Spy Wiper	SpyAxe	Spydawn
Spylocked	SpywareStrike	SysProtect
SystemDoctor	UltimateCleaner	WinAntiSpy
WinFixer	WorldAntiSpy

Some fake anti-spyware programs even masquerade as well known programs such as Spybot Search and Destroy or AdAware SE Personal. So be familiar with the well-known program you choose before you download, and make sure you download your spyware remover from the most direct source you can - the producer's website.
But despite these imposter programs, there are a number of great spyware removers out there. Don't be completely weary of all free anti-spyware programs, because there are a few on the internet that are actually just as good as spyware removers that you buy, and they don't contain any spyware themselves. But do your research first. You may want to check out our anti-spyware software reviews to make a software choice that's right for you

So you know what spyware is and understand it's threats, and you may even be practicing spyware prevention, but of course this is not enough - you need an anti-spyware program to keep your computer fully safe. Programs, known as spyware cleaners, spyware removers, and anti-spyware applications all work similarly, but their performance can be very different, making it hard to choose a good software. Here, we try to make this process a bit easier for you by providing reviews of the best for-sale and free anti-spyware programs

Free Anti-Spyware

Spybot Search & Destroy
Overall: Excellent
This is a very user-friendly program that includes a tutorial feature. You can configure it to check for updates automatically and it offers real-time protection about known threats through its Immunize function. The latest version also has a feature called "Secure Shredder" that can be used to permanently delete files from your computer. 

AdAware SE Personal
Overall: Very Good
This program is great at detecting and deleting tracking cookies and a post-scan summary provides information about threats and their risk ratings. There is also a help section included. However, to receive automatic updates and real-time protection, you have to upgrade to AdAware Plus ($27). To get around not having automatic updates, you can configure the free version to remind you to check for updates manually. Updates usually come out every few days.
Windows Defender
Overall: Very Good
Offers real-time protection, automatic updates, and a scheduler. It excels in recognizing and blocking spyware attempts to change you settings, edit your Windows registry, or add items to Startup. You can't see the program on your tasks bar, but it's working behind the scenes. It could, however, be more aggressive.

Anti-Spyware To Buy

Spy Sweeper 4.5
Overall: Very Good
$29.99
This program provides clear information about found threats and attacks and a convenient summary of program status. It removes almost all threats it finds and it also works under Safe Mode and Limited account. However, spyware removal can be slow.
NOD32 Antivirus System 2.5
Overall: Very Good
$39.00
This application includes detection of known malware with heuristic (rules-based) detection for unknown malware. Unfortunately, its anti-spyware protection isn't as good as its antivirus protection. It blocks about three quarters of spyware installations. It has speedy on-demand and scheduled scanning, and it scans when file is opened, created, or executed. However, numerous configuration and setting options may be confusing for those of us who are not expert users, and the system only removes about half of the threats it detects.
Spyware Doctor with AntiVirus
Overall: Very Good
$29.95
This application finds most spyware and removes almost all spyware it finds. Scan results include details, but the quarantine list is confusing and uninformative. Automatic updates are also not turned on by default.
ZeroSpyware 2005 3.2
Overall: Good
$29.95
ZeroSpyware blocks and removes most threats but not all. It offers detailed information about found spyware and it also provides information on known harmless processes. 24/7 live help chat is also provided.
SpyCatcher 2006
Overall: Good
$19.99
This package is attractive and easy to use. It performs well at detecting and removing spyware. It detects suspicious files by their behavior (heuristic/rules-based technology), but because of this it creates a lot of false positives (saying something it spyware when it's not). However, a Wizard that's included helps you to evaluate suspicious files and there is detailed spyware information available online. There is no full log of the file and Registry traces that have been removed.
Trend Micro Anti-Spyware 3.0
Overall: Good
$29.99
This application prevents about half of spyware from installing and doesn't remove everything it finds. The program can't schedule a scan or restore an individual item from quarantine and it only provides limited information about threats. It does however report suspicious activities in a convenient summary and it provides history cleaning and secure deletion. It also tries to identify the source of spyware threats it finds.
Aluria Anti-Spyware 4.0
Overall: Fair
$29.99
This system completely blocks some spyware threats and completely misses others. Though it will detect many threats during a scan, it will remove only half of those detected. Threat descriptions are detailed but awkward and they are no longer accessible when the threats are quarantined. This system is also hard to navigate and the activity log is disorganized. But, it prevents the installation of all spyware it detects. 

Outpost Firewall Pro 3.0
Overall: Lacking
$39.95
The spyware fighting ability on this suite is just not up to par. It only removes half of the spyware it finds and it only blocks half of the spyware installations it detects. It also provides very little information about threats it finds.

Now that you are ready to install an anti-spyware program, you may be asking yourself whether a free program or one that requires a subscription would be best for combating spyware. If you are the cynical type, you may even be wondering whether free anti-spyware programs work at all - after all, if you can get one that's just as good for free, why would pay versions even exist? Well, there are some things that you should know about anti-spyware programs

If you notice that there is a program out there for sale but there is also a free version, you can assume that the free version is inferior to the pay one. Most of the time, when a company that normally wants you to pay for their product puts out a free version of the same product, it's because they want you to try it out and then upgrade to the full, for-sale version. That means that the free version of this software will have fewer features or less capability than it's for-sale counterpart

Some anti-spyware programs, however, are just free - no strings attached - what about those? Well, in general you can rest assured that a reputable anti-spyware program like Spybot Search and Destroy, Ad-Aware SE Personal, or Windows Defender does in fact work; and presumably just as well as a for-sale spyware remover. You can learn more about these free programs on our anti-spyware software review page.
Why would a free program work just as well? Well, for starters, the performance of anti-spyware applications in general is not that great. Even the best anti-spyware programs have success rates of only 75%. That means 25% of spyware is getting past the best spyware cleaner you have. Given the mediocre performance of anti-spyware applications as a group, there's no reason to pay for something that doesn't give you any more protection than the freebies. The extra money may buy you faster scans or an improved appearance, but not much else. Even PC Magazine recommends backing up your premium anti-spyware program with a freebie. Given that you are widely recommended to use two anti-spyware programs (so that one catches the spyware that the other misses) anyway, why not use two free ones?
Also, anti-spyware removers that you pay for tend to produce more false positives (classifying something as spyware when it's actually not). They also yield some questionable detections - for example, files your remover identifies as "key loggers" may actually be legitimate components that allow you to use keyboard or desktop shortcuts to run a program. Because the files in question often have ambiguous names, it can be hard to find out their true status, and quarantining them can also cause problems. In this case, is the for-sale anti-spyware software really better?
Free programs generally compliment each other nicely, without slowing down your computer. At their absent cost, it's actually feasible and affordable to follow the guidelines of using two spyware removers

Spyware detection programs, also known as anti-spyware programs, spyware cleaners, and spyware removers, are designed to search out and remove spyware and adware from your computer. Depending on what spyware cleaner you use, it will detect, deactivate, and remove spyware from your computer. Plus it will immunize your computer from spyware it has already destroyed by blocking that spyware from accessing your computer in the future.
But you may be wondering: how do these programs work? We're here to provide you with some insight into that question. Anti-spyware programs work a lot like anti-virus programs, except they scan for different things.
A spyware remover actively scans your computer for spyware by analyzing the codes of all of your programs and files and comparing these to its database of known spyware definitions. Because spyware is a program and it is installed like any other application, it has a "signature" or "fingerprint". This signature is comprised entries in the operating system's registry (for Windows users - the Windows Registry) that are changed and the files that are created on your hard drive. The spyware cleaner will look for evidence of any files or changes that look like those related to known spyware. If it finds a match, it will disable the file and alert you. You will then be given a choice to quarantine the file or delete it. Most good spyware removers will provide you with detailed information about the spyware it finds. Such information can include the spyware's name, its origin, and what it was designed to do. You can use this information to determine if the spyware should be deleted (in most cases it should). If you are not sure about the status of the spyware found, you can put it in quarantine and see if there are any changes in they way any of your programs run. If not, you can go back and delete the spyware permanently.
The key to effective spyware detection is the spyware cleaner's spyware definitions database that's provided by the software publisher. The larger the database, the more spyware the cleaner can identify and remove. That's why it's important to keep updating the virus definitions databases on your anti-spyware software. Many programs will come with an automatic update feature - make sure it's on.

Challenges to Detecting and Removing Spyware

The most challenging part of detecting spyware is the number of variants there are out there. Spyware producers know that their spyware will eventually be found and removed, so they keep making new variations of their programs. Before new variants can be protected against, they must be classified as spyware and their signatures must be added the spyware definitions databases of spyware removing software. Thus every new variant of spyware buys its producer more time on people's computers.
How can you help in the fight against spyware? Put any files you suspect to be spyware on quarantine in your spyware cleaner and report the files' existence to the spyware creators. Their programmers can then examine the suspicious files to see if they're really spyware. If so, they will update the snit-spyware program's spyware definitions database, and the program will be able to recognize the newer spyware.
Some anti-spyware programs have come out that use heuristic (rules based) technology to detect programs that me be spyware before their signatures are released. This method is more proactive in the sense that a type of spyware doesn't have to be "discovered" to be detected, but this method can also lead to more false-positives (the spyware cleaner says a program is spyware but it isn't).
Overall, it is largely recommended that you install two anti-spyware programs, with at least one that offers real-time protection. The thought behind this is that one cleaner will catch what the other misses 

You know how dangerous spyware is for your privacy and your computer's security, and you've taken steps to prevent spyware, but now you want to remove it using a specialized application.

But when you're looking for an anti-spyware program, otherwise known as a spyware remover or a spyware cleaner, there are a few things you should know.
For starters, you may want to know how anti-spyware programs work. This way, you can know what's going on behind the scenes when you download and use one of these applications. A greater insight to how spyware removers work may help you use your anti-spyware program more effectively to keepyour computer clean.

You may be ready to install an anti-spyware program, but you might be confused by all the choices out there. Check out our anti-spyware program reviews to choose the spyware cleaner that's right for you. You will learn which well-known programs are rated the best, and what their strengths and weaknesses are so you can make an informed choice.
Wondering if free anti-spyware programs really work? Are they as good as the spyware removers that you buy? Maybe a free spyware cleaner is the right choice for you.
Finally, before you download any anti-spyware program, do your research! There are fake anti-spyware programs out there, and you don't want to install one of these by accident.

Now that you know what spyware is, how it gets onto your computer, and the security issues it can create, you probably want to remove this dangerous pest. You can do this in two ways: manually, or by using an anti-spyware program

Manual Spyware Removal

Sometimes you may know a certain program is spyware. In this case, you can try to remove it manually. This is done by using the uninstall function of your computer. For Windows users, you can remove specific applications by going to your control panel (in "Settings") and selecting the "Add/Remove Programs" function. Once there, you will see a list of programs. Click on the program you believe to be spyware and select "Remove". Make sure to restart your computer after the removal to be sure all changes required for the spyware to be removed are complete. Unfortunately, most of the time removing spyware is not this easy. For example, how can you know for sure that a certain program is spyware? If you uninstall the program the spyware came with, it doesn't mean that the spyware will be uninstalled too. Also, many spyware programs are invisible, meaning that they won't show up in your program list. Sometimes spyware programs can disguise themselves as programs important to your computer by using official sounding names like "winstartup". Spyware can also disguise itself by using dozens of different file names in different locations, or even by generating random names so it's not as easily detected. Even if a spyware program appears on your program list and you can uninstall it, not all traces of the program are always removed. In this case, you should use an anti-spyware program.

Spyware Removal Using an Anti-Spyware Program

The first rule of removing spyware by using a specialized program is to not rely on anti-virus programs. Because spyware is different from viruses, you need a different program to remove it. Check out our section on anti-spyware program reviews to pick one that's right for you.
Start by downloading the latest updates for the program you're using. This ensures the program is up to date on what spyware to look for and how to find it. Most spyware removers will have an "Update" button you can click on to download the latest information.
Next, exit all browser windows and programs that you have running. This includes email. You should also disconnect your computer from the internet. These functions impede the functionality of the spyware remover because it can't scan files that are in use for spyware. The more activity you have going on in your computer, the more likely it is that spyware is open and working too.
Once everything is exited and you are disconnected from the internet, run a scan using your spyware cleaner. Do this by pressing the "Scan" button. This means that your anti-spyware program will look for suspicious files on your computer and report back to you, and you will be given a choice of what to do with any suspicious files it finds.
After the scan, turn on immunization options to help protect your computer against the spyware programs your scan has found in the future. Immunization options can be turned on by a button called "Immunize." Next allow your spyware cleaner to remove any spyware it finds.
After you run a scan using your anti-spyware program for the first time, restart your computer and run a scan again. This ensures nothing was missed the first time. Let the program remove any additional spyware files. If suspicious files were found during the second scan, restart your computer and run the spyware remover again. Keep repeating the scan-restart-scan process until your anti-spyware program cannot find any more spyware.
If you repeat this process three times and your spyware remover keeps finding spyware, or if your program can't find any more spyware but you think there's still some left, you may want to try running a scan in your computer's "safe mode." When you start up your computer in "safe mode," only the most essential processes can activate. This will prevent spyware from activating in the background and trying to hide itself while your spyware remover scans for it.
When you have finally removed all spyware your computer, you can start undoing any damage or setting changes the spyware may have caused.

Other Options

Sometimes spyware programs can become so embedded in your system that you can't deal with it yourself. For example, your computer may not be able to start up or open its internet browser anymore. In these cases, you may want to contact a local computer technician who knows how to fix the problem.
Remember, the prevention of spyware is the best method of keeping your computer safe. Learn about spyware prevention so you can protect your computer from spyware in the future and avoid going through the complicated removal process.

Spyware Removal Complications

Because of the nature of the connection between spyware and freeware, namely that spyware producers pay freeware producers to include the spyware in their product, the removal of spyware may affect the freeware program it was installed with (if that's the way the spyware got onto your computer). Spyware is a form of revenue to the company that produced the freeware, so if you remove the spyware sponsoring it, the freeware may no longer work. This is a small price to pay to remove such a security threat from your computer, but removal is your choice, you just have to decide where your priorities lie.
You may not know for sure if a freeware program will stop working until you remove its spyware. But there is a way to test whether removing spyware will affect the performance of your freeware. Most spyware removers give you an option called "Quarantine." This means the spyware cleaner will disable spyware files and put them in a folder to be deleted later rather than deleting them permanently right away. This allows you to run programs after the spyware quarantine and make sure everything still works with the suspicious files removed. You can then go back into your spyware cleaner and delete the suspicious files permanently. If something is not working properly with the spyware files quarantined, you can restore them. This lets you test the effects of spyware removal on your programs without actually removing it.
If you choose the quarantine option and everything on your computer seems to be working well after cleaning, remember to go back into your anti-spyware program and delete the spyware files permanently.
It does need to be stressed that spyware can be a major threat to the security of your computer. If your choose the quarantine option and find that one of your freeware programs doesn't work properly with its spyware removed, think carefully before restoring the spyware. Evaluate how important this program is to you and whether you can install another program without spyware that would work just as well. Restoring the spyware should only be a last resort.

Given the security threats of spyware, you're probably wondering how to protect your computer from spyware downloading itself and causing so much annoyance and damage. As with everything else, the best method of protection against spyware is prevention! Here are some simple ways you can prevent spyware from finding its way onto your computer:

Know What You're Installing

One of the most common-sense ways to avoid downloading and installing spyware is to pay attention to what you're installing! When you go to download a program, especially if it's freeware, ask yourself if you know the source of the program. If you do, ask yourself if you trust its publishers. Reputable software producers avoid including spyware whenever possible. If they do include spyware with their programs, they normally provide you with an option to opt out of "extras." This usually happens during the installation process. If given this choice, you should opt out. When something seems too good to be true, it usually is. If there's anything in a license agreement says something about transmitting information to a third party - watch out! It might be spyware.

Read What You Click

Another obvious and simple way to avoid spyware is to read what you click! Unfortunately, though this is such an important and easy step to take in spyware prevention, people often get in the habit of just clicking "Ok" without looking to see what they're agreeing to. Spyware publishers count on this habit when you go to install freeware that their spyware is packaged with. They hope you won't read the licensing agreement that says their spyware is included. They also may try to get their spyware on your computer by bombarding you with pop-up messages when you go to infected websites. The same principle applies here. So know what you're agreeing to before your click "Ok."

Install a Firewall

Firewalls are programs that filter data coming in and going out of your computer by way of the internet. They act as gatekeepers in that they only let authorized data into and out of your system. When you install a new program (like spyware) and it connects to the internet for the first time, the firewall will warn you that it's trying to connect, and it will ask your permission for the new program to do so. This way, even if you install spyware without knowing it, you'll be warned that something new is trying to exchange information over the internet. Because the firewall will not let it do so without your permission, you'll be safe from spyware sending out your personal information unless you authorize it to. So only authorize programs you're familiar with to access the internet. You can then take steps to remove any suspicious programs.

Adjust Your Browser Security Settings

To prevent spyware from finding its way onto your computer, you might want to adjust your internet browser's security settings. On Internet Explorer, your Internet Zone settings should be on or above "Medium Security."

Keep Your Computer Updated

Another way to prevent spyware from getting onto your computer is to keep your programs and system updated. There are four important types of updates you should keep up with: operating system updates, anti-virus software updates, email program updates, and internet service provider (ISP) updates.
Operating systems like Windows commonly come with security holes. This means that the way the system is structured inadvertently leaves it open to certain security threats. As the security inefficiencies of your operating system are discovered, the company that produces your operating system (for example Microsoft) will come out with security patches. Security patches are small applications that fix inadequacies in the system's security features. Make sure to install security updates for your operating system as soon as they're available, and check for updates regularly on the company's updates and support pages. You may want to change your system's settings to automatically check for updates if you haven't already done so. Pay special attention to updates marked "Critical."
Make sure you update your anti-virus software on a regular basis too. Older versions of antivirus software didn't protect against spyware because worms and viruses (what this anti-virus software is meant to protect against) behave differently than spyware does. But popular anti-virus programs like McAffee VirusScan and Norton AntiVirus now scan for some spyware, and they are constantly improving.
Email software like Microsoft Outlook needs to be updated too, since email software can now scan for spyware as well. This helps prevent malicious software from getting to your computer through email. You need to keep your email software updated so it has the latest information on the spyware you're at risk to pick up.
And last but not least, your internet service provider will sometimes come out with security updates as well. These updates can take the form of spyware protection or browser enhancements that block pop-ups etc. Make sure to regularly check for and download these updates. You have to have the latest version of the browser software to take advantage of the built in security features, so it's important to keep your browser up-to-date.
Of course, if you're going to go to the trouble of protecting your computer from spyware, you may also want to learn how to remove the spyware you already have and see what anti-spyware programs can do for you.

Spyware is software that is downloaded onto your computer to track your activities without your knowledge. This information is then sent to a remote source. Most of the time spyware is used to monitor your internet surfing habits, and this information is used in conjunction with adware to target specific advertisements to your tastes. However, spyware can be used to monitor much more than just surfing habits. Depending on the purposes of its creator, spyware can monitor and gather information about:

• Passwords
• Credit card numbers
• Keystrokes
• Chat programs
• Word processor documents
• Web pages visited
• Download habits
• Cookies (little packets of information stored in your internet browser to identify you to websites that you visit)
• Anything on the hard drive

Because spyware can gather so much information about you and send it to another source without you even knowing what's happening, spyware is a huge privacy and security threat. In the wrong hands, spyware can be used to take someone's personal information for the purposes of identity theft or fraud. Information about you gathered by spyware can even be sold by the spyware creator to third parties. The most concerning part about this is that you have no control over what the spyware monitors or where the information goes. Because of this, many people choose to remove spyware from their computers and take actions to prevent spyware from getting onto their computers in the future.

How Does Spyware Get Onto My Computer?

Spyware typically finds its way onto your computer when you download other programs, mainly freeware (free software, often for trial purposes). This is called bundling - basically the spyware producers pay the freeware producers to include the spyware in their products. This helps finance the freeware that you download so that you don't have to pay for it.
When you download your freeware, the spyware application that you're also downloading may be mentioned in the licensing agreement. The spyware company is counting on you to click "Ok" without really reading the agreement, but if you do, the spyware installation will be mentioned in very hard to understand jargon so you may not realize that spyware is being added. Sometimes the spyware is not even mentioned in the agreement, in which case even if you read it, you will not be aware of the spyware.
Spyware can also be installed on your computer just by visiting certain sites. You may be prompted to download a certain application to see the site properly, to view a greeting card, to watch a video or hear a song on the site, etc. But really the application could have nothing to do with what the site says its purpose is - it could be spyware instead.
Another trick spyware makers use to get you to download their spyware is through ActiveX controls (simple programs that run in your internet browser). When these start to load, your browser will ask if you want to install. If you hit "No" this is only good for the page you are on. Every time you load a new page, your browser will ask you again. Lots of people give up and just click "Yes" after this happens a few times. Little do they know, they are agreeing to spyware.

Wanted Spyware

You may actually choose to install a spyware onto your computer for your own use. This may be used as a surveillance tool if you have children or employees to track what goes on on a computer when you're not around. This type of spyware can be bought and installed like any other software, and will track things like websites visited, programs used, keyboard stokes, etc. for your reference later. When used as a surveillance tool, the data from this type of spyware is not sent anywhere, but it can be referenced from the same computer later by parents and employers to check up on other user's activities.